The Registry of
Nature Habitats
Attracting Wildlife to Your Back
Yard
A Guide to Increasing Wildlife Diversity and
Aesthetic Value Around Your Home
Appendix A. Trees, Shrubs, Vines and Ground
Cover Recommendations
Species |
Latin Name |
Diameter |
Height |
Site |
Use |
Availability |
Wildlife
Rating |
Wildlife
Features |
Season |
Comments |
CONIFEROUS
TREES |
Ponderosa Pine |
Pinus
ponderosa |
25-30 |
50-70 |
ALL |
S, ST,
B |
C,
NC |
F |
C, F |
Y |
|
Black Hills Spruce |
Picea glauca
var. densata |
15-25 |
30-60 |
ALL |
S, ST,
B |
C,
NC |
F |
C, F |
Y |
|
Blue Spruce |
Picea
pungens |
15-25 |
30-65 |
ALL |
S, ST,
B |
C,
NC |
G |
C, F |
Y |
|
Eastern Red Cedar |
Juniperus
virginiana |
15-30 |
30-45 |
ALL |
S, O,
B |
C,
NC |
G |
C, F |
Y |
|
Rocky Mountain Juniper |
Juniperus
scopulorum |
12-20 |
30-40 |
ALL |
S, O,
B |
C,
NC |
G |
C, F |
Y |
|
DECIDUOUS
TREES |
American Linden |
Tilia
americana |
30-50 |
50-70 |
FAV |
B,
ST |
C |
G |
C, F |
S |
Seeds drop with leaves |
Bur Oak |
Quercus
macrocarpa |
35-60 |
40-70 |
ALL |
S, ST,
B |
C,
NC |
EX |
N |
S, F |
Underutilized |
Green Ash |
Faxinus
pensylvanica |
30-40 |
35-65 |
ALL |
S, ST,
B |
C,
NC |
G |
C, F |
S, F |
Reliable, but overplanted |
Hackberry |
Celtic
occidentalis |
20-45 |
40-60 |
ALL |
S, ST,
B |
C,
NC |
G |
C, F,
B |
S, F,
W |
Berries persist into winter |
Black Cherry |
Prunus
serotina |
30-50 |
35-60 |
SEL |
O |
C |
EX |
C, F,
B |
S, F |
For trial in selected sites |
Black Walnut |
Juglans
nigra |
30-50 |
30-60 |
SEL |
S, ST,
B |
NC |
EX |
C, N |
S, F |
Nut drop may be bothersome |
Boxelder |
Acer
negundo |
30-40 |
30-55 |
ALL |
S, ST,
B |
C |
F |
C |
S, W |
Plant male cultivers to avoid problem
with boxelder bugs |
Paper Birch |
Betula
papyriefera |
20-40 |
20-40 |
FAV |
ST |
C |
EX |
C, F |
S, F,
W |
Subject to drought injury and bronze
birch borer |
Ohio Buckeye |
Aesculus
glabra |
20-35 |
20-25 |
FAV |
B,
ST |
C |
EX |
C, N |
S, F |
Nut drop may be bothersome |
Amur Chokecherry |
Prunus
maacckii |
NA |
20-25 |
ALL |
B, O |
C |
EX |
C, F |
S, F |
Copper colored bark |
Chokecherry |
Prunus
virginiana |
10-20 |
20-25 |
ALL |
B, O |
C |
EX |
C, F |
S, F |
Edible fruit, suckers badly, subject to
blacknot |
Siberian Crab |
Malus
baccata |
NA |
15-30 |
ALL |
O |
NC |
G |
C, F,
B |
S, F,
W |
Variety "Midwest" excellent |
Mountain Ash |
Sorbus
sp. |
10-20 |
15-25 |
FAV |
B, O |
C |
EX |
C, F |
S, F,
N |
Bark is subject to sunscald |
Flowering Crab |
Malus
sp. |
NA |
15-20 |
ALL |
O |
C |
G |
C, F,
B |
S, F,
W |
Many varieties, plant Zone 2, selection
for exposed sites |
Amur Maple |
Acer
ginnala |
15-20 |
15-20 |
ALL |
B, O |
C,
NC |
|
C, F |
S, F |
Drought hardy |
Hawthorne |
Crateagus
sp. |
8-10 |
15-20 |
ALL |
O |
C,
NC |
EX |
C, F |
S, F,
W |
Several species |
Pincherry |
Prunus
pennsylvanica |
NA |
15-20 |
FAV |
O |
U |
EX |
C, F |
S, F |
|
Thornless Cockspur Hawthorne |
Crateagus
crusgalli inermis |
NA |
|
FAV |
O |
C |
EX |
C, F |
S, F,
W |
Fruits heavily, don't plant over
sidwalks |
SHRUBS |
Amur Maple |
Acer
ginnala |
15-20 |
15 |
ALL |
B, N,
OS |
C,
NC |
EX |
C, F |
S, F,
W |
Red fall color, leaves and
seeds |
Buffaloberry |
Sheperdia
argentea |
8-14 |
20-25 |
ALL |
B, N,
OS |
C,
NC |
EX |
C, F |
S, F,
W |
Female plants produce heavy berry crops,
must have males for pollination |
Chokecherry |
Prunus
virginiana |
10-20 |
|
ALL |
B, N |
NC |
EX |
C, F |
S, F |
Subject to blacknot amd western X
disease |
Nannyberry |
Viburnum
lentago |
8-12 |
10-15 |
FAV |
B, H,
OS |
C,
NC |
EX |
C, F |
S, F |
Red fall color, clusters of blue
berries |
Schubert Chokecherry or Canada Red
Cherry |
Prunus
virginiana |
10-20 |
12-25 |
ALL |
B, H,
OS |
C,
NC |
EX |
C, F |
S, F |
A horticultural variety of chokecherry,
suckers |
Snowbird Hawthorne |
Crateagus
sp. |
8-10 |
15 |
ALL |
B, H,
OS |
C |
EX |
C, F |
S, F |
Most hawathornes are excellent wildlife
plants |
American Highbush Cranberry |
Viburnum
trilobum |
8-12 |
10 |
FALL |
B, H,
OS |
C,
NC |
EX |
C, F |
S, F,
W |
Fruit persists into winter |
American Plum |
Prunus
americana |
8-10 |
10 |
ALL |
B, H |
NC |
EX |
C, F |
S, F |
Not long lived, fruit production not
reliable |
Juneberry |
Amelanchier
alnifolia |
5-12 |
10 |
FAV |
B, H,
OS |
C,
NC |
EX |
C, F |
S, F |
Selected varieties for fruit
production |
Lilac |
Syringa
sp. |
6-12 |
10 |
ALL |
B, H,
OS |
C,
NC |
F |
C |
S |
Several species and cultivars, attractive
to butterflies and bees |
Amur Honeysuckle |
Lonicera
maaki |
10-14 |
8 |
ALL |
B, H |
NC |
F |
C, F |
S |
Several species and cultivars
similar |
Cotoneaster |
Cotoneaster
acutifolia |
8-10 |
8 |
ALL |
B, H,
OS |
C,
NC |
G |
C, F |
S, F |
Red fall color |
Dwarf Amur Maple |
Acer
ginnolla |
2-4 |
8 |
ALL |
F, B,
OS |
C |
G |
C, F |
S, W |
Red fall color |
Nanking Cherry |
Prunum
tomentosa |
6-10 |
8 |
FAV |
B, H |
C,
NC |
G |
C, F |
S, F |
Short lived |
Red Osier Dogwood |
Cornus
stolonifera |
10-15 |
8 |
FAV |
B, H,
OS |
NC |
F |
C, F |
S, F |
Our native species of
dogwood |
Red Twigged Dogwood |
Cornus
sp. |
10-15 |
8 |
FAV |
B, H,
OS |
C |
F |
C, F |
S, F |
Several commercial species and
selections |
Smooth Sumac |
Rhus
glabra |
10-15 |
8 |
ALL |
B, H,
OS |
C,
NC |
G |
C, F |
S, F,
W |
Red fall color |
American Hazel |
Corylus
americana |
NA |
7 |
FAV |
B, H,
OS |
N, C |
EX |
C, N |
S, F |
Our only nut producing shrub,
underutilized, red-bronze colors |
Black Chokecherry |
Aronia
melanocarpa |
NA |
6 |
SEL |
B, H |
C |
EX |
C, F |
S, F |
For trial in selected sites |
Golden Currant |
Ribes
cooratum |
NA |
6 |
FAV |
B, H |
NC |
G |
C, F |
S, F |
Edible fruit |
Hansen Hedge Rose |
Rosa
sp. |
4-6 |
4-6 |
ALL |
B, H |
NC |
EX |
C, F |
S, F,
W |
Fruits persist into winter |
Mongolian Cherry |
Prunus
fruticosa |
3-6 |
6 |
ALL |
B, H |
NC |
EX |
C, F |
S, F |
Suckers, forms thickets |
Alpine Currant |
Ribes
alpinum |
3-6 |
5 |
ALL |
B, H,
F |
C |
G |
C |
S |
Shade tolerant |
Ill Scented or Skunkbrush Sumac |
Rhus
trilobata |
4-10 |
3-8 |
ALL |
B, H |
NC |
F |
C |
S, F,
W |
Red fall color |
Rugosa Rose |
Rusa
rugosa |
NA |
4 |
FAV |
B, H,
F |
C |
EX |
C, F |
S, F,
W |
Fruits persist into winter |
Woods Rose and Wild Prairie
Rose |
Rosa
sp. |
4-6 |
4 |
ALL |
B, H,
F |
NC |
EX |
C, F |
S, F,
W |
Several species, fruits persist into
winter |
Sandcherry |
Prunus
bessyi |
3-6 |
4 |
FAV |
B, H |
NC |
EX |
C, F |
S, F |
Short lived, not vigorous |
Raspberry |
Rubus
sp. |
NA |
3 |
SEL |
B, H |
C,
NC |
EX |
C, F |
S, F |
Commercial varieties for
fruit |
Snowberry, Wolfberry |
Symphoricarpos
sp. |
NA |
3 |
ALL |
B, H,
F |
NC |
G |
C, F |
S, F,
W |
Berries persist into winter |
VINES |
Virginia Creeper |
Pathencissus
quinquefolia |
NA |
Large
|
FAV |
C,
NC |
EX |
C, F |
C, F |
S, F |
Turns scarlet red in early
fall |
Wild Grape |
Vitus
vulpina |
NA |
Large |
FAV |
Vine |
NC |
EX |
C, F |
S, F,
W |
Makes good jelly |
American Bittersweet |
Celastrus
scandens |
NA |
Medium |
FAV |
Vine |
C,
NC |
EX |
C, F |
S, F,
W |
Orange seed capsules split to expose red
seed, persist into winter, male and female required to set
fruit |
Scarlet Trumpet or Dropemore
Honeysuckle |
Lonicera
hirsuta
XL. sempervirens |
NA |
Small |
FAV |
Vine |
C |
EX |
C |
S |
Flower favored by hummingbirds and
orioles |
GROUND COVER
BEARBERRY |
(And Other Hawthornes |
Artostaphyols
UVA-URI |
NA |
Low |
FAV |
|
U,
NC |
|
F |
S, F |
Shade
tolerant | ALL - All sites. B - Boulevards. C - Commercial nurseries.
FAV - More Favorable. S - Shelterbelts/windbreaks. NC - Non-commercial
SEL - Selected sites. O - Ornamental for yard. state owned nurseries.
EX - Excellent. ST - Shade tree U - Uncommon, requires
G - Good. C - Cover. S - Spring.
F - Fair. F - Food. F - Fall.
B - Butterflies,moths, H - Hummingbirds and orioles. W - Winter.
bees. N - Nuts or acorns. Y - Year around.
Previous Section -- Wildlife Problems: Profiles, Problems, and
Solutions Return to Contents Next Section -- Appendix B. Additional Butterfly
Information
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