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Bog Elfin (Callophrys lanoraieensis Sheppard)
Wing span: 7/8 - 15/16 inch (2.2 - 2.4 cm).
Identification: Very small; tailless. Upperside of females brown; males have more orange. Underside of hindwing has a reduced or obscure pattern and the outer margin is frosted with gray.
Life history: Adults fly around the treetops. First-stage caterpillars bore into pine needles and feed from the inside; older caterpillars eat needles from the outside.
Flight: One brood from mid-May to early June.
Caterpillar hosts: Black spruce (Picea mariana).
Adult food: Flower nectar.
Habitat: Black spruce-tamarack bogs.
Range: Eastern New Hampshire through coastal Maine north to New Brunswick. Isolated populations in eastern Ontario, southern Quebec, and Nova Scotia.
Conservation: All populations should be conserved.
The Nature Conservancy Global Rank: G3 - Very rare or local throughout its range or found locally in a restricted range (21 to 100 occurrences). (Threatened throughout its range).
Management needs: Maintain integrity of bog habitats.
References:
Opler, P. A. and G. O. Krizek. 1984. Butterflies east of the Great Plains. Johns
Hopkins University Press, Baltimore. 294 pages, 54 color plates.
Opler, P. A. and V. Malikul. 1992. A field guide to eastern butterflies. Peterson
field guide #4. Houghton-Mifflin Co., Boston. 396 pages, 48 color plates.
Scott, J. A. 1986. The butterflies of North America. Stanford University Press,
Stanford, Calif. 583 pages, 64 color plates.
Author: Jane M. Struttmann
State and Regional References:
Brower, A.E. 1974. A List of the Lepidoptera of Maine - Part 1: The
Macrolepidoptera. Life Sciences and Agricultural Station, Univ. of Maine
at Orono. Technical Bulletin No. 66. 136 pp.
Layberry, R.A., Hall, P.W. & Lafontaine, D.J., 1998. The Butterflies of
Canada. University of Toronto Press, Toronto, ON. 280 pp.
Opler, P.A. 1998. A field guide to eastern butterflies, revised format.
Houghton Mifflin Co., Boston.
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