Birds of America
By John James Audubon, F. R. SS. L. & E.
VOLUME IV.
GENUS IV.--NUCIFRAGA, Briss. NUTCRACKER.
Bill as long as the head, moderately stout, conical, compressed, at the tip
rather depressed; upper mandible with its dorsal line slightly
arcuato-declinate, the ridge convex, the sides rounded, the edges sharp and
overlapping, without notch, the tip flattened and obtuse; lower mandible with
the angle short and rounded, the dorsal line straight, the sides convex, the
edges sharpened a little involute, the tip flattened and rather obtuse.
Nostrils basal, lateral, roundish, covered by bristly feathers, which are
directed forwards. Head large, broadly ovate, neck rather short; body
moderately stout. Tarsus rather short, compressed, with eight scutella; toes
stout, the first very large, the inner a little shorter than the outer, which is
adherent at the base. Claws large, arched, much compressed, acute. Plumage
soft and blended; no distinct bristles at the base of the upper mandible, wings
long, much rounded, the first quill very short, the fourth longest; tail of
moderate length, rounded.